Research advance in bone marrow metastasis in children′s neuroblastoma / 国际儿科学杂志

Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor for infants and young children.About 50% of patients have extensive metastasis before diagnosis, and the neuroblastoma can metastasize to bone marrow, bone, lymph node, orbit, liver and skin.Bone marrow is the most common site of neuroblastoma metastasis and recurrence.Once neuroblastoma metastasize or relapse, their survival rate will reduce significantly.The mechanism of neuroblastoma bone marrow metastasis has not been elucidated.The drug resistance of tumor cells, the interaction of bone marrow microenvironment, and the regulation of cell signaling pathways may play important roles in regulating tumor cell bone marrow metastasis.This review summarizes the research progress of bone marrow metastasis in neuroblastoma, which helps us to better understand the mechanism of interaction between neuroblastoma and the bone marrow microenvironment, and to provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of patients.

Oligomycin A promotes radioresistance in HT29 colorectal cancer cells and its mechanisms / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVES@#Radiotherapy is one of the main therapies for colorectal cancer, but radioresistance often leads to radiotherapy failure. To improve the radioresistance, we explore the effect of oligomycin A, the H@*METHODS@#The effects of different concentrations of oligomycin A on the survival rate and glycolysis of HT29 colorectal cancer cells at different time points were investigated via MTT and glycolysis assay. siRNA-PFK1 was synthesized in vitro and transfected into HT29 cells. The effects of oligomycin A on radiosensitivity of HT29 colorectal cancer cells were measured via MTT and colony formation assay. Western blotting was used to detect the effect of oligomycin A on the expression of glycolytic enzyme PFK1. We compared difference between the effects of siRNA-PFK1 group and oligomycin A combined with siRNA-PFK1 group on cell survival and glycolysis. After 4 Gy X-ray irradiation, the effects of cell survival and glycolysis between the siRNA-PFK1 group and the oligomycin A combined with siRNA-PFK1 group were compared.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the 0 μmol/L oligomycin A group, the cell survival rate of HT29 cells treated with 4 μmol/L oligomycin A was significantly increased (@*CONCLUSIONS@#Oligomycin A can promote the radioresistance of HT29 colorectal cancer cells, which may be related to up-regulation of the PFK1 expression and increase of cell glycolysis.

Clinical observation for NAPD regimen in the treatment of 67 cases of recurrent refractory non-Hodgkin's lymphoma / 中南大学学报(医学版)

To explore the clinical efficacy and toxicity of the NAPD regimen(vinorelbine, cytarabine, cisplatin, and dexamethasone) in the treatment of recurrent refractory non-Hodgkin' s lymphoma.
 Methods: A total of 67 patients identified with recurrent refractory non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were enrolled for this retrospective study. The curative efficacy of NAPD regimen was evaluated after 2 consecutive cycles. The toxicities and side effects were evaluated after 1 cycle. The objective response rate (ORR), overall survival (OS), progress free survival (PFS), 1, 2 or 4 years of OS and PFS rates were analyzed. The prognosis was evaluated with univariate and multivariate analysis.
 Results: The ORR was 53.8% after two cycles, including 5(7.5%) complete responses and 31(46.3%) partial responses. The clinical benefit rate (CBR) was 88.7% (59/67). The median OS was 22 (1.5-140.0) months. 1, 2 or 4 years of OS rates were 70.9%, 49.0%, and 35.0%, respectively. The median PFS was 14 (1.5-140.0) months; and 1, 2 or 4 years of PFS rates were 57.5%, 38.3%, and 29.8%, respectively. The main side effect was myelosuppression. The rates of Grade III/IV leukopenia and thrombocytopenia were 13.4% (9 cases) and 3.0% (2 cases), respectively. Gastrointestinal toxicity was at Grade I or II and 6% patients displayed gastrointestinal toxicity at Grade III/IV. No severe cardiac and hepatorenal functional toxicity was observed.
 Conclusion: The NAPD regimen for recurrent refractory non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is effective, and its toxicity is well tolerated. It is a salvage chemotherapy regimen and be of worth to be verified.

Effects of metformin treatment on expression and activity of AMP-activated protein kinase α in skeletal muscle in type 2 diabetes / 中国医师杂志

Objective@#To investigate the effects of metformin treatment on fatty acid metabolism and expression and activity of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)α in skeletal muscle in type 2 diabetes.@*Methods@#A total of 30 cases with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who received selective surgery were enrolled from department of orthopaedics. These patients were divided into three groups: DM group, DM+ MET group and NC group. Blood samples were drawn from an antecubial vein for measurement of plasma glucose, insulin, lipid and free fatty acid (FFA). Insulin sensitivity index (ISI) was calculated. Skeletal muscle was freezed in liquid nitrogen during orthopaedics surgery and was kept at -70 ℃ until assay. Skeletal muscle tissue was analysed en bloc for triglyceride, long chain fatty acyl-CoA (LCACoAs), AMPKα1 and AMPKα2 mRNA expression [quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR)], as well as protein expression of AMPKα1, AMPKα2 and phosphorylated AMPKα (p-AMPKα) (Western blot).@*Results@#⑴ Compared with NC group, HbA1c, fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS), FFA and triglyceride(TG) were increased in DM group, while metformin treatment decreased FFA and TG; ISI was reduced in DM group than that in NC group, but ISI was higher in DM+ MET group compared with DM group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). ⑵ The contents of triglyceride and LCACoAs in skeletal muscle in DM group were higher than those in NC group, while those in DM + MET group were lower than those in DM group (P<0.05 ). ⑶ No alternations of mRNA levels and protein levels of AMPKα1 were detected among three groups (P>0.05). Compared with NC group, AMPKα2 mRNA expression and protein levels of AMPKα2 and p-AMPKα in skeletal muscle were decreased in DM group, while metformin treatment increased protein level of p-AMPKα (P<0.05).@*Conclusions@#Compared with NC group, muscle lipid accumulation and insulin resistance always exist in T2DM patients. Metformin treatment may increase activity of AMPKα, resulting in a decrease in lipid accumulation in skeletal muscle and increase insulin sensitivity in T2DM patients.

Effects of metformin treatment on expression and activity of AMP-activated protein kinase α in skeletal muscle in type 2 diabetes / 中国医师杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of metformin treatment on fatty acid metabolism and expression and activity of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)α in skeletal muscle in type 2 diabetes.Methods A total of 30 cases with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who received selective surgery were enrolled from department of orthopaedics.These patients were divided into three groups:DM group,DM + MET group and NC group.Blood samples were drawn from an antecubial vein for measurement of plasma glucose,insulin,lipid and free fatty acid (FFA).Insulin sensitivity index (ISI) was calculated.Skeletal muscle was freezed in liquid nitrogen during orthopaedics surgery and was kept at-70 ℃ until assay.Skeletal muscle tissue was analysed en bloc for triglyceride,long chain fatty acyl-CoA (LCACoAs),AMPKα1 and AMPKα2 mRNA expression [quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR)],as well as protein expression of AMPKα1,AMPKα2 and phosphorylated AMPKα (p-AMPKα) (Western blot).Results (1) Compared with NC group,HbA1c,fasting blood glucose (FBG),fasting insulin (FINS),FFA and triglyceride(TG) were increased in DM group,while metformin treatment decreased FFA and TG;ISI was reduced in DM group than that in NC group,but ISI was higher in DM + MET group compared with DM group (P ＜0.05 or P ＜0.01).(2) The contents of triglyceride and LCACoAs in skeletal muscle in DM group were higher than those in NC group,while those in DM + MET group were lower than those in DM group (P ＜0.05).(3) No alternations of mRNA levels and protein levels of AMPKα1 were detected among three groups (P ＞ 0.05).Compared with NC group,AMPKα2 mRNA expression and protein levels of AMPKα2 and p-AMPKα in skeletal muscle were decreased in DM group,while metformin treatment increased protein level of p-AMPKα (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Compared with NC group,muscle lipid accumulation and insulin resistance always exist in T2DM patients.Metformin treatment may increase activity of AMPKα,resulting in a decrease in lipid accumulation in skeletal muscle and increase insulin sensitivity in T2DM patients.

NAPD regimen for patients with recurrent refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma / 中南大学学报(医学版)

To investigate the clinical efficacy and toxicities for the NAPD regimen (vinorelbine, cytarabine, cisplatin, and dexamethasone) in the treatment of recurrent refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
 Methods: A total of 30 patients identified with recurrent refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma were enrolled in this retrospective study. The curative efficacy of NAPD regimen was evaluated after 2 consecutive cycles. The toxicities and adverse reaction were evaluated after 1 cycle. The objective response rate (ORR), overall survival (OS), progress free survival (PFS), and the rates of 1, 2, and 4-year OS and PFS were analyzed. The prognosis was evaluated with univariate analysis.
 Results: The ORR was 56.7% and clinical benefit rate (CBR) was 83.3% after 2 cycles. Five patients achieved complete remission, 12 achieved partial remission, and 8 achieved stable disease. The median OS was 22 (1.5-140) months. The 1, 2, and 4-year OS rates were 59.1%, 48.2%, and 40.2%, respectively. The median PFS was 14 (1.5-140) months. The 1, 2 and 4-year PFS rates were 56.3%, 42.2%, and 31.7%, respectively. The main adverse reaction was myelosuppression. Three patients suffered from grade III-IV leukopenia and 1 thrombocytopenia. Grade I-II gastrointestinal toxicity was 20%. No heart, liver, and kidney damages at grade III-IV were observed.
 Conclusion: The NAPD regimen is effective and its toxicity is well tolerated for the treatment of recurrent refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. It is a salvage chemotherapy regimen worth to be verified.

TGF-beta receptor mediated telomerase inhibition, telomere shortening and breast cancer cell senescence

Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) plays a central role in telomere lengthening for continuous cell proliferation, but it remains unclear how extracellular cues regulate telomerase lengthening of telomeres. Here we report that the cytokine bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP7) induces the hTERT gene repression in a BMPRII receptor- and Smad3-dependent manner in human breast cancer cells. Chonic exposure of human breast cancer cells to BMP7 results in short telomeres, cell senescence and apoptosis. Mutation of the BMPRII receptor, but not TGFbRII, ACTRIIA or ACTRIIB receptor, inhibits BMP7-induced repression of the hTERT gene promoter activity, leading to increased telomerase activity, lengthened telomeres and continued cell proliferation. Expression of hTERT prevents BMP7-induced breast cancer cell senescence and apoptosis. Thus, our data suggest that BMP7 induces breast cancer cell aging by a mechanism involving BMPRII receptor- and Smad3-mediated repression of the hTERT gene.

TGF-β1 induces activation ofHSC-T6 cells and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in rats / 基础医学与临床

Objective To observe the effect of TGF-β1 on activation and epithelial mesenchymal transition(EMT) in rat hepatic stellate cell-T6.Methods Adopt the MTT method to screen the optimum concentration of TGF-β1 in vitro HSC-T6 cultured.After the HSC-T6 stimulation by TGF-β1 of 10 μg/L for 24 hours, the morphology of the cells was observed under inverted phase contrast microscope, the expression of F-actin which on behalf of cotoskeletal structure was detected by immunofluorescence staining;the expression of α-SMA and N-cadherin,vimentin,E-cadherin was measured by RT-qPCR;The changes of α-SMA,N-cadherin,vimentin and E-cadherin were assessed by Western blot after different concentrations (0,5 and 10 μg/L) of TGF-β1 interventing HSC-T6 for 24 h.Results The optimal cell survival rate was recorded when 10 μg/L TGF-β1 dealt withcells for 24 h.After HSC-T6 were treated with TGF-β1,cells stretched, pseudopodia increased and turn into stellate, cells connections were looser, so that represented a significantly activated state.F-actin filaments gathered to form stress and distributed along the long axis of the cells;The expression of α-SMA mRNA and vimentin mRNA in experimental group was significantly higher while E-cadherin mRNA was obviously lower than the control group(P<0.05).TGF-β1 made the protein expression of α-SMA and N-cadherin, vimentin in dose-dependent increased while E-cadherin was decreased.Conclusions TGF-β1 may induce activation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of HSC-T6.

Effect of combined clopidogrel-aspirin treatment for acute cerebral ischemic infarction on a correlation between cerebral microbleeds and hemorrhagic transformation / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To investigate effects of combined clopidogrel-aspirin treatment for acute cerebral ischemie infarction on a correlation between cerebral microbleeds (CMBs)and hemorrhagic transformation(HT),so as to provide a new evidence for acute phase treatment of ischemic stroke with CMBs.Methods One hundred and forty-eighty patients with acute cerebral infarction meeting the inclusion criteria were consecutively admitted to our hospitals.All patients underwent susceptibility weighted imaging(SWI) to detect CMBs.Patients were classed into two groups:with and without CMBs and subdivided into brain lobe group,deep group and mixed group.The influence of CMBs or not and CMBs different positions on the post-infarction HT was compared.Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between HT and the related risk factors.Results The 142 patients finally were included in the study,with 64 patients without CMBs and 78 with CMBs.The detection rates of CMBs were 54.9％.Hypertensive prevalence rate(x2 =6.96,P =0.010)and the levels of uric acid (t =2.04,P =0.040) were higher in CMBs group than group without CMBs.The incidence rate of HT was 12.5 ％ (8 cases)in no CMBs group,and 21.8％(17 cases)in the CMBs group(x2 =2.09,P=0.150).6 in 15 patients(40.0％)patients experienced HT in lobar CMBs group;6 patients (12.5 ％)experienced HT in 48 patients with deep CMBs group;5 patients(33.3％)experienced HT in 15 patients with mixed CMBs group.There was statistically significant difference in HT incidence rate(x2 =6.52,P=0.038)among the 3 groups.Lobar CMBs are more vulnerable for HT.Logistic regression analysis showed that atrial fibrillation(OR=6.48,95 ％ CI:2.45-17.19,P =0.000) and hyperglycemia (OR =1.02,95 ％ CI:1.43 1.94,P =0.020) were risk factors for HT,instead of CMBs(OR=1.95,95％CI:0.78-4.87,P=0.150).Conclusions CMBs do not increase the risk of hemorrhage transformation in cerebral ischemic infarction patients at acute stage with combined antithrombotic treatment.While,the double antithrombotic treatment used in patients with the lobar CMBs should be careful.

Clinical effects of α-lipoic acid combined with epalrestat in elderly patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy / 中华老年医学杂志

Objectives To examine the clinical effects of α-lipoic acid(ALA)combined with epalrestat in elderly patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN)and its influence on plasma levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP)and homocysteine(Hcy).Methods A total of 120 DPN patients aged over sixty years were randomly divided into the control group and the treatment group with 60 cases in each group.The control group received 0.6 g ALA in 250 ml saline given by an intravenous drip once a day and the treatment group was additionally given 50 mg epalrestat orally three times a day.Both groups were treated for two weeks.Improvement in clinical symptoms,nerve conduction velocity,and peripheral blood levels of hs-CRP and Hcy were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.Results TSS scores of all items and the total scores of the two groups decreased after treatment,with greater margins seen in the treatment group than in the control group(each P＜0.05).NCV increased in both groups after treatment (each P＜ 0.05),with greater increase in the treatment group(each P＜0.05).Levels of hs-CRP and Hcy were significantly reduced (each P＜0.05).A statistically significant difference was observed in hs-CRP(t =2.620,P=0.010) but not in Hcy(t =0.380,P =0.700)between the two groups.Conclusions ALA combined with epalrestat can significantly improve the symptoms of patients with DPN,with better outcomes than ALA alone,and effectively decrease the peripheral blood level of hs-CRP.

Baicalein attenuates acute lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion via inhibition of nuclear factor-κ B pathway in mice / 中华危重病急救医学

Objective To investigate the effects of baicalein (Bai) on acute lung injury (ALI) induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) and its mechanism in mice.Methods Twenty-four male C57BL/6J mice were divided into three groups by random number table:namely sham group,I/R group and Bai+I/R group,with 8 mice in each group.Intestinal I/R induced lung injury model was reproduced by clamping superior mesenteric artery for 90 minutes,followed by reperfusion.Bai (100 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected 1 hour before ischemic challenge in the Bai+I/Rgroup.The mice in sham group underwent the similar procedure with I/R group but without vascular occlusion.All mice were sacrificed at 4 hours of reperfusion,and blood was collected from inferior vena cava and lung tissues were harvested.Lung tissues were stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE),and histological changes were examined under light microscope for pathological score.Lung wet/dry (W/D) ratio was calculated.Lung cell apoptosis was determined by TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) technique.Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6(IL-6) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The mRNA expressions of TNF-α and IL-6 in lung tissues were determined by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).The protein expression levels of cytoplasmic inhibitory factor-α of nuclear factor-κB (IκB-α) and nucleus NF-κB were determined by Western Blot.Results Under light microscope,a normal lung tissue structure was shown in the sham group and no evidence of obvious lung injury was found.In the I/R group,the alveolar structure was seriously damaged.The alveolar wall was widened and there was significant interstitial edema and leukocytes infiltration.In the Bai+I/R group,pathological damage was significantly decreased as indicated by reduced lung tissue edema and leukocytes infiltration.Compared with the sham group,the lung pathological scores,W/D ratio and cellular apoptosis in the I/R group were significantly increased.Bothserum TNF-α and IL-6 contents and lung TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA expressions were significantly increased.Furthermore,I/R significantly resulted in a decrease of IκB-α in the cytoplasm and an increase of NF-κB in the nucleus.Notably,Bai treatment significantly attenuated ALI induced by intestinal I/R injury.Compared with the I/R group,the lung pathological scores and W/D ratio in the Bai+I/R group were significantly decreased (lung pathological score:4.59±1.17 vs.6.27±1.34,W/D ratio:3.79±0.28 vs.4.32±0.57),cellular apoptosis was significantly decreased [(4.85 ± 2.47)％ vs.(8.15 ± 2.33)％],both serum TNF-α and IL-6 contents and lung TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA expressions were significantly decreased [serum TNF-α (pg/L):124.18±30.49 vs.167.72 ± 38.65,IL-6 (ng/L):1.65 ± 0.69 vs.2.43 ± 0.57;lung TNF-α mRNA (2-△△Ct:4.75 ± 2.38 vs.7.69 ± 2.32,IL-6 mRNA (2-△△ Ct):16.45 ±4.39 vs.27.69 ± 6.82],additionally,Bai pretreatment significantly increased cytoplasmic IκB-α protein expression (gray value:0.47 ± 0.11 vs.0.27 ± 0.09),while decreased nuclear NF-κB protein expression (gray value:0.57 ± 0.13 vs.1.07 ± 0.14,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Bai could attenuate intestinal I/R injury induced ALI via the inhibition of inflammation and apoptosis.

Curative efficacy of benazepril combined with atorvastatin on plasma NT-proBNP and its efficacy in chronic cardiac failure / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To study curative efficacy of benazepril combined with atorvastatin on N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and its efficacy in the treatment of chronic cardiac failure. Methods 90 patients of chronic heart failure were selected as research objects. The control group were treated with benazepril, while the observation group were treated with benazepril combined with atorvastatin, 45 cases in each group. Then before and after treatment of 6 months, the cardiac function of left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD), left ventricular end systolic dimension (LVESD), left ventricular eject fraction (LVEF), C-reactionprotein (CRP), interleukin- 6 (IL-6, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and plasma NT-proBNP levels were compared between two groups, and the efficacy was observed. Results After treatment, LVEDD and LVESD in observation group were lower than those in control group, the LVEF was higher than that in control group(P<0.05). The CRP,IL-6 and TNF-αlevels in observation group were lower than those in control group(P<0.05). The plasma NT-proBNP level in observation group was significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05). The total effective rate of observation group was statistically higher than that that in the control group 95.55%(43/45)vs. 77.77%(35/45)(P<0.05). Conclusion Benazepril combined with atorvastatin in the treatment of chronic heart failure is significant, can reduce plasma NT-proBNP levels, improve the inflammatory factor.

Effect of Hedan tablet combined with fluvastatin on serum LDL and heart rate variability in coronary atherosclerotic heart disease / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of Hedan tablet combined with fluvastatin on serum LDL and heart rate variability in patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CHD).Methods 110 patients with coronary heart disease who were treated from March 2015 to June 2016 in our hospital were selected and randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 55 cases in each group.The patients in the observation group were treated with Hedan tablet combined with fluvastatin, and the control group was treated with fluvastatin.The changes of heart rate variability, blood lipids and inflammatory factors were compared before and after treatment, and the clinical curative effect was observed.Results After treatment, the total effective rate of the observation group was 96.4%, significantly higher than the control group 85.5%, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).The SDNN of the observation group was (85.42 ±9.11) ms and the SDANN was (49.11 ±5.13) ms, was significantly higher than those in the control group (76.87 ±8.12) ms, (44.16 ±4.76) ms.In the observation group, TC was (4.14 ±0.45) mmol/L, TG was (1.26 ±0.16) mmol/L, LDL was (2.08 ±0.31) mmol/L, significantly lower than the control group (4.78 ±0.51) mmol/L, (1.42 ±0.18) mmol/L, (2.43 ± 0.27) mmol/L, and HDL levels was (1.51 ±0.18) mmol/L, significantly higher than those in the control group (1.35 ±0.15) mmol/L, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), and the levels of inflammatory factors in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion Hedan tablets combined with fluvastatin in treating coronary atherosclerotic heart disease can effectively reduce serum LDL levels, improve heart rate variability, significantly improve the treatment effect.

Study on effects of citric acid induced acid load on salivary secretion / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of citric acid on the related indexes of salivary secretion under acid loading in or‐der to optimize the citric acid load method .Methods The saliva samples were collected from 10 young healthy volunteers at 1-90 s before ,at 91-120 s during and at 121-210 s after citric acid loading .The indexes were detected in saliva with mixed loading and after loading .The salivary alpha‐amylase(sAA ) activity ,pH value ,saliva flow rate ,total protein concentration in various groups were detected .The ratio values before and after the acid loading were compared among the groups .Results (1)The sAA activity , saliva pH value and total protein concentrations after acid loading were significantly increased compared before loading (P<0 .05) , moreover the ratio of after loading and before loading was greater than 1(P<0 .05);(2) however in the citric acid mixing ,the sAA activity ,saliva pH value and total protein concentration were decreased compared with before acid loading ,its ratio was less than 1 (P<0 .05) .Conclusion Citric acid affects the secretion result of acid loading saliva secretion ,it is suggested that the saliva under acid loading is separated treated and analyzed .

Experience of nursing scheduling in the Ebola treatment center observation ward / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To investigate the characteristics of the diagnosis and treatment center for Ebola observing ward and reduce infection risk according to allocation scheduling method of nursing staff. To provide reference for other similar tasks. Methods We used the method of grouping fixed group scheduling method and fixed working hours to identify and refine the content of nursing work. Results A total of 65 cases of suspected Ebola including 5 cases diagnosed as EVD patients were cured. No case of infection occurred in nursing staff. Conclusions During the infectious disease nursing work, reasonable personnel allocation and scheduling method can make the nursing staff work with full energy and strength and ensure the realization ofzero infectiontargets.

Clinical analysis of 4 cases of Leigh syndrome in children / 临床儿科杂志

Objective To explore the clinical manifestation, diagnosis and prognosis of Leigh syndrome in children. Method Clinical data from 4 cases of Leigh syndrome conifrmed by genetic testing were retrospectively analyzed. The related literature were reviewed. Results In 4 cases, 3 were boys and one was a girl, 3 cases were onset in infant and one case was in school age. The main manifestations were mental retardation, low muscle tone, convulsions, feeding dififculties, drooping eyelids, extraocular muscle paralysis and nystagmus, irritation, activity intolerance etc. The brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed symmetry long T1, T2 abnormal signal in brainstem, bilateral globus pallidus, thalamus, cerebellar dentate nuclei, and periaqueductal, 3 cases involved midbrain, one case involved thalamus, and one case involved cerebellar dentate nuclei;2 cases had encephalatrophy. Electromyography was normal in all cases. The levels of lactate in blood and cerebrospinal lfuid were increased. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) detection found the mutation of mtDNA 8993 T>G in one case, and the mutation of mtDNA 9176 T>C in another 3 cases. The case onset in school age died of respiratory failure one month later, and another 3 cases were still in follow up, there were mental retardation, but no signiifcant setback. Conclusion The clinical manifestations of Leigh syndrome in children are diverse. The diagnosis is based on the typical clinical manifestations and MRI, blood and/or cerebrospinal lfuid lactate levels. The genetic testing is the golden standard for diagnosis.

Heat shock improves Sca-1+ cell transplantation for treatment of myocardial infarction in mice / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Recent studies have found that stem cels can directly differentiate into mature myocardial cels or promote their regeneration, providing a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of myocardial infarction. However, the low cel transplantation rate reduces the myocardial differentiation ability and myocardial repair. OBJECTIVE: To study the role of heat shock treatment in Sca-1+ cel transplantation for treatment of myocardial infarction in mice. METHODS:Sca-1+ cels were isolated from the bone marrow of mice using magnetic bead sorting method, and were subjected to heat shock treatment. Animal models of myocardial infarction were made in mice, and then randomized into two groups: heat shock group and non-heat shock group, which were given 1 mL heat shock-treated Sca-1+ cels and 1 mL non-heat shock-treated Sca-1+ celsvia the tail vein, respectively. After transplantation, cel survival, heart function, myocardial cel apoptosis and myocardial fibrosis were detected. Meanwhile, the expressions of heat shock factor (HSP), HSP70 and miR-34a in the left ventricle were measured. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) The expression of sry gene in the heat shock group was significantly higher than that in the non-heat shock group. (2) The left ventricular ejection fraction and fractional shortening in the heat shock group were significantly higher than those in the non-heat shock group. The left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and systolic diameter in the heat shock group were significantly lower than those in the non-heat shock group. (3) The cardiac fibrosis and myocardial cel apoptosis in the heat shock group were significantly lower than those in the non-heat shock group. (4) The HSF and HSP70 expression in the left ventricle was significantly higher in the heat shock group than the non-heat shock group, and the miR-34a expression in the left ventricle was significantly lower in the heat shock group than the non-heat shock group. These findings indicate that heat shock-treated Sca-1+ cel transplantation can reduce myocardial apoptosis and infarct size, and improve heart function of mice with myocardial infarction.

Effects of zonisamide on NO content and NOS activity in serum and brain tissue of epileptic rats / 天津医药

Objective To investigate the effect of zonisamide as a new antiepileptic drug on nitric oxide (NO) content and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity in serum and brain tissue of epileptic rats. Methods Eight healthy rats were used as normal control group, and twenty-four epileptic rats induced by pentrazol were randomly divided into epilepsy model group, zonisamide group and phenobarbital group. Levels of NO and malondialdehyde (MDA) content, NOS and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in serum and brain tissue were detected in four groups. Results Forty-two rats were injected pentrazol, and 35 (83%) rats were established the rat model successfully. Epileptic waves were visible in EEG of epileptic rats. The concentrations of NO, MDA and the activity of NOS in serum and brain were significantly increased, the activity of SOD was significantly decreased, in epileptic rats than those of control rats. The concentrations of NO and MDA were significantly increased; the activity of SOD was significantly decreased, in brain in phenobarbital group compared with those of control group. There were significantly lower levels of NO, MDA and NOS, and significantly higher level of SOD in serum and brain tissue in zonisamide group and phenobarbital group than those of epileptic model group (P＜0.05). Conclusion Zonisamide plays an antiepileptic role by reducing the concentration of NO in brain of epileptic rats.

Analysis of Antibiotics Use in One Case of Community-acquired Pseudomonas aeruginosa Lung Abscess / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To explore the role of clinical pharmacist in the therapy for patient with community-acquired Pseudo-monas aeruginosa lung abscess. METHODS:Clinical pharmacist participated in the therapy for a patient with community-acquired P. aeruginosa lung abscess,analyzed anti-infective therapy plan,and adjusted drug use timely to correct agranulocytosis induced by anti-infective drugs. RESULTS:The physicians adopted the suggestions of clinical pharmacists,controlled the infection successful-ly and corrected agranulocytosis. CONCLUSIONS:Community-acquired P. aeruginosa lung abscess is rare but has high mortality. Clinical pharmacists participate in drug therapy,assist physician to improve and optimize therapy plan and formulate individual medication plan so as to promote promote care rate of patients.

Immunity function changes of zonisamide treatment on epilepsy children / 中国综合临床

Objective To estimate the immune function changes of zonisamide treatment as a new antiepileptic drug monotherapy on epileptic children.Methods Forty children with epilepsy (25 girls and 15 boys,aged from 1 to 6 years old) were enrolled in the Children' s Hospital of Hebei Province as our subjects and they were followed 3 and 6 months after treatment.The venous blood sample was collected respectively from the children on empty stomach.Applying automatic biochemical analyzer to detect serum immunoglobulin.IgG,IgA,IgM through immune turbidimetry methods.While CD3,CD4,CD8 were detected through the application of flow cytometry.Results Compared with the healthy control group,IgA,IgG,CD8 levels increased and the level of CD3,CD4 decreased in epileptic children and there were significant differences (F=160.94,262.66,539.09,634.36,164.27;P＜0.05).The level of IgM between epilepsy group and control group did not showed difference (P＞0.05).After 3 months and 6 months treatment of zonisamide,the level of IgA,IgG,CD8 were decreased,while CD3,CD4 levels increased than those in epilepsy group before treatment (P＜ 0.05).Conclusion Zonisamide may play a role of the antiepileptic mechanism by improving children' s immune function.